We selected New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco for two major reasons:
1. All three rank in the top five in funding received in 2008 through the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Urban Areas Security Initiative. DHS considers each a Tier I Urban Area due to their high-density/high-threat nature.1
2. Each city has distinct Civic Center and Financial Districts, allowing us to compare security applications around both public and private buildings and better understand which landmarks represent targets in urban areas.2